Personal Income Taxes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Individual Income Taxes - Essay Example The rich citizens are appear to report practically 48.5% of their all out pay as capital additions and profits, successfully getting 48.5% of their pay charged at amazingly lower pace of 15% contrasted with that of the low pay individuals. The pattern presently is that such affluent citizens with more than $10 million keep on announcing colossal increment in their pay and get charged at very lower rates. Legendry financial specialist Warren Buffet has whined that he pays a lot of lower charge rates than his secretary. John: I ought to concur with Mike on this point. Studies have demonstrated that one of the significant purposes behind pay imbalance in US is such exceptional expense rates on venture pay. While the level of capital salary is as high as half for a portion of the well off, it is as low as 2% for individuals underneath the pay level of $200,000. Actually, Mitt Romney is accounted for to have near $14 million pay and the viable expense rate is appeared to be as low as 13.5%. Every one of these occasions point to the way that current duty framework just continues quickening the pay dissimilarity in US. A fix to this is vital so as to check this disparity from spreading. One choice that the legislature can consider is to expand the expense rates on speculation pay. I: Taking it on from John, I should state that is as of now high time that the legislature should discover a fix for this issue. Viably, just a higher assessment rate can check the gigantic duty rate difference in US. With respect to note on expanding the expense rates on speculation salary, I should state that it will again antagonistically influence the little citizens who have significantly little level of venture pay. Increment in the assessment rate on such salary would viably leave the little citizens with less after expense benefits. In this way, a progressively perfect decision is decide the tax cut escape clauses that permit the rich to bring down their annual duty rate and close such

Modern youth subculture free essay sample

There are a significant prevailing , or center of culture, and close to it various subcultures developments in any culture. The inquiry arises(is) what the subculture is. It was accepted that subculture is a subsystem of the entire arrangement of culture. In any case, there is no any settled arrangement of perspectives on the presence of subcultures these days. Each science deciphers this idea and depicts it room the purpose of their subject and methodology.Subculture normally an uncommon instance of culture all in all. It is consistently unique with its a few areas and hesitance partially, in changing degrees, is faithful to the worth arrangement of the prevailing society, despite the fact that there are exemptions . Youth subculture is an exceptional instance Of manifestations(display) Of subculture all in all. Appellation of youth promptly characterizes a social specialty that is involved by individuals joined on the standard old enough. For this situation, the age a significant segment attributes. We will compose a custom exposition test on Present day youth subculture or then again any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page The uncommon brain science old enough in ultra is irrefutably significant, as it genuinely impacts the mindset and spirituality.Youth subculture is conceived and exists regarding the particular needs of youngsters to mingle and simultaneously to advocate for themselves effectively. It was assumed(considered) that youngsters in the life of those standards and guidelines, which were maintained by their progenitors. Youth regularly portrayed straight out decisions, compulsiveness, dismissal chambers, their subjection existing weights models of social turn of events, they are described by dynamism, receptiveness to the world, eighteen emotionality, sentimental yearnings, etc..At the core of youth subcultures there is a unique method of identifying with the world with its arrangement of profound qualities. Youth subculture is an extraordinary lifestyle that is isolated chiefly living them straightforwardly or supporters. Youth subculture it is only a type of self-articulation of youngsters, articulation of their objectives throughout everyday life: to change the world, their life, decline from the social ordinances, affirm elective life demeanor corresponding to the(with) previous and so forth . General suppositions about the various types of youth subcultures are different.Some individuals envision it as any abnormal practices of youth social deviation, mimicking the West, inertness, and in this way subject to disposal. Others accept that youngsters are attempting (allowed in to some degree intriguing way) some way or another to communicate, his demeanor and say something regarding himself to society- - ? what's more, since it acquires from its Western partners Having considered the adolescent subculture hip-jump in Russia and Gyrations, we can reason that nearly everything about this subculture, including its language is truly obtained from subcultures hip-hopwhich is begun LISA.

8 Examples of Professional Out of Office Email Messages

8 Examples of Professional Out of Office Email Messages “Communication is the key for any global business” â€" Anita RoddickTechnological advancements of our era have enabled people all over the world to communicate without any boundaries. For example, you can write an email message to anyone on the planet Earth and get a reply within several minutes or even seconds.However, there are certain times when you simply do not have access to your email’s mailbox.But nowadays, it does not matter what your profession is, your career success will hugely depend on the effectiveness and efficiency of your communication.Therefore, when you are unavailable to timely respond to the emails you receive, you should do your best to let your colleagues and clients know of this, as well as when will you be able to respond to their messages.Luckily, doing this in the age of the Internet is a very simple thing. In our digitalized world, people came up with so many solutions to the problems we did not even know existed.With the help of software programs, now people can set up everything however, they wish. For example, a software such as Microsoft Outlook will assist you in creating your out-of-office auto responding emails.It is easy to use and YouTube is full of useful tutorials on these subjects. You should definitely check it out! I will attach links down below. After you decide you need to set one of these auto-reply emails, you will find yourself thinking what to include in them.If it is your first time setting up an out-of-office email message, it might be a daunting task, so that is here is this article to help you in this situation.WHEN PEOPLE USE OUT-OF-OFFICE EMAIL MESSAGES?Firstly, let us find out what are the cases and situations you will use auto responding out-of-office emails.For example, you can use them when you are out of town for business or training purposes, you are on a vacation with your family or on a sick leave.In addition, you might have to use them when you take a bereavement leave; when you are too busy or have urgent work commitments to do at that moment.On the other hand, you might simply not want to be bothered by emails for a certain period so you can focus on something else.So now, let us dive in into why people should definitely use the auto responding emails for out-of-office situations.WHY SHOULD YOU USE OUT-OF-OFFICE EMAIL MESSAGES?You should consider setting up an auto-reply message for any of the following reasons:Makes your job easierLeaving your email inbox for a long time unattended is a very irresponsible thing to do.Does not matter if you are the head of the department or a part of the team, being responsive to the people who connect with you is essential in every working environment.That is why, to make you look professional at any time, auto-responding emails were created. You get a new mail in your mailbox, but you are unable to respond to it? Then, the out-of-office mail responder will do it instead of you. Amazing, huh?This tool will save you a lot of nerves an d time thinking about your unanswered emails. You will not even think that you will lose your contact with the colleagues and partners.You will simply postpone your communication in a very polite manner.ConvenientImagine you are on a vacation and you need to relax fully. However, you are worried that your clients and associates would not know that you are unavailable.So, you will be obliged to check your mailbox frequently during your vacation. That would not be much of a vacation, right? On the other hand, if you were attending a very important training for a couple of days and you are not available to check your mail â€" then you would not be focusing much on learning new things if you were constantly considered with your unanswered emails.Out-of-office auto-responding emails are the synonym for the word ‘convenience’ in these situations. Just set up everything right and you are good to go.The senders will be notified very quickly and they will be able to undertake other measu res or contact other people if they have urgent issues.We will also discuss what to do in cases of emergency down below. Let’s people know why you are not availableIt is indeed important to let your colleagues and partners know about your absences and about when you are going to be available again.Some of them may have a vague understanding why you are missing from your work post; some may not have any idea of your whereabouts.Sharing this information in your out-of-office reply, without any inconvenience to you, is the best solution.In this case, your professional image will not be harmed by looking like you are absent from work without a reason. Therefore, if you are someone who values his/her work reputation, you should definitely consider setting up auto responding for the next time you are absent.Won’t make you look unprofessionalSometimes, you will be in a very difficult situation of not being able to answer to your colleagues, clients or partners in a timely manner. In th eir eyes, you will start to seem very unprofessional and arrogant, like someone who just ignores emails and considers them not important.Therefore, to prevent this type of thing from happening, you should start considering setting auto-replying emails even for short absences from work.So now that we have thoroughly discussed why these emails are important and why you should use them, let us discuss what you should include in your professional out-of-office emails.8 EXAMPLES OF PROFESSIONAL OUT OF OFFICE EMAILSAll of the types of the emails discussed below are appropriate to use in any working environment. They are both informative and professional, as they give the essential information about your absence and when you will be back to work. This information can be shared with the emails senders in a creative way as well, while still keeping up with the professional standards.Creative out-of-office emails are also appreciated and welcome in almost every working environment. Give freed om to your imagination and creative thinking; use the opportunity to write a memorable email to the person communicating with you.Let us review few examples of the emails you should consider setting as auto responding emails before leaving your office.The simplest oneThe first and the shortest one is an email just containing vital information. What does the sender need to know? The most essential thing â€" for how long will you be unavailable.When will they be able to reach you finally?Dear (Sender),Greetings and thank you for emailing me. Currently, I am out of office and cannot answer your mail personally. I will be absent from (the time your absence starts) until (the time your absence finishes). I will answer your email very soon upon my arrival.Sincerely, XXXIt can be clearly seen that the email above gives the most important details about your absence. This information should be enough for most of the people who will send you an email while you are away from work.However, some of the senders may be willing to discuss with you some professional matters with certain deadlines.What will you do in this situation?Let us look at the next example.A little more detailed but still a simple oneIf you worry that the information in the previous example is not enough, you may also add an emergency contact. This will ensure that the person contacting you will be able to communicate their issues, offers, orders, etc., with whoever can cover for you while you are away.In this case, you should provide names, work phone numbers or emails addresses to be able to help the email sender. Who knows what type of emergency this can be?Let us see the example of such an email.Dear (Sender),Thank you very much for emailing me. Currently, I am out of office and cannot answer your mail personally. If it is urgent, here is an emergency contact you can communicate with: (Contact details of that person such as their name, email address, work phone, etc.) I will be absent until (the day your absence finishes). I will get in touch as soon as I come back to work. Thank you for understanding and patience.Sincerely, XXXThis is the example of the email you see the most when getting automatic reply emails and the most concisely written out-of-office email that provides everything the receiver needs to know.An email that leads to a subscriptionAside from telling the sender the general information about your departure or unavailability, you may use this opportunity to lead the sender to a place you want them to be.It may be a subscription offer to a newsletter, a link to a video or a website, etc. In other words, you can benefit in other ways from this communication moment â€" such as gaining a new client or a new mailing list subscriber.So go ahead, insert a valid link or an invitation!Dear (Sender),Thank you for emailing me. Currently, I am out of office and cannot answer your email personally. I will be absent until (the day your absence finishes). Please make sure to c ommunicate your urgent issues with this person: (contact details of that person). Meanwhile, you should definitely check out this (link, invitation). Send me your opinions later.   I will get in touch very soon. Thank you for understanding.Sincerely, XXXDefinitely, after getting this email, the sender will be interested in the link and/or offer you provide.Seize the opportunity and benefit from it later.Who knows what clicking this link will result in?An email that leads to social mediaYou may not have any hints, but the person who emails you while you are away from work can have a serious business opportunity for you.In the automated out-of-office reply, you can add links to your social media professional pages or to your company’s webpage.This bit of information will give more information to your sender about you/your company to keep them interested in pursuing the business matter when you return to work.Alternatively, if the matter cannot wait until your return, they can try to reach you on the social media profiles you check while you are away.Dear (Sender),Thank you for emailing me. Currently, I am out of office and I will be absent from/to (the time period of your absence). If you have urgent manner, do not hesitate to contact me on via this Facebook page (or other social media pages where you will be available). In addition, you can contact the company via this webpage (linkto the company website) Sorry for any inconvenience this may cause. I will get in touch very soon. Thank you for understanding.Sincerely, XXXThis type of email is great for further relationship building and future cooperation between your company and the sender’s company or you and the sender himself/herself.It will establish closer and friendlier relations between the two sides.An information emailBesides the types of emails that lead to subscription and social media, let us discuss the last one that includes an information link or/and an attachment.If you are waiting for someon e to email you asking for any information clarification (or if people usually email you/your work position so you can give them some piece of information), then you can include this information in your out-of-office email message, as well as add links to useful sources about the subject matter.In other words, this type of email will provide a link to materials that may be used by the sender of the email.This way you will definitely give answers to the sender’s questions without answering personally.Let us see it in the example.Dear (Sender),Thank you for emailing me, but please accept my apologies for not being available. I will be out of office for (the time period). If my guess is correct, then you are emailing me for information on (the subject matter). Attached I am sharing useful files and here are some links you definitely should check out. Hope I was able to help. I will get in touch soon upon my return.Best, XXXLike this, you can still provide useful materials to those who may need your assistance while you are drinking cocktails on a beach.A creative oneYou will be taking a break from work soon, so you may as well use this opportunity to write a funny or creative email. A joke or a funny story will definitely be appreciated.This type of out-of-office email will give you the chance to use your creativity to its fullest potential and you will nicely surprise your sender when they receive an email like this one:Hey there,I was abducted by aliens and this is the only message I was able to create. They said they would drop me back to work on (the date of your return). In the meantime, if you want to connect with someone else still at my precious working place, here are some contacts (contact details).See you soon… hopefully, XXXLet your imagination run wild and write whatever you want (still appropriate in professional settings, of course).You may use references from movies, TV shows or books, you may also tell a funny or interesting story.I am sure th at if you try you will definitely compile an out-of-office email more creative than the one above.Add cute images to your mailWho does not like cute puppies? In addition to the essential information, you can add an image to show you care about the sender or the planet. Adorable puppies, kittens or any other little animals that will give smile to everyone can be added to your out-of-office auto-reply email.You can just find a free photo on the Internet to use for this kind of email, but your company culture will dictate the right type of photo you should select for this purpose.Hey there,Please accept my apologies for not answering your email immediately. I have attached an image of a cute puppy I found on the Web, so you do not get mad at meJ. I am also giving you the contacts of my partner you can contact if you have urgent issues to discuss. I will be back soon.Sincerely, XXXThis example is truly adorable and cute. However, not everyone will be willing to use it in his or her offi cial communication. Some may even find it unprofessional or inappropriate to set such auto-responding email, so if in doubt â€" check with your supervisor.Unleash the poet in you  As we have already discussed out-of-office email examples with funny and cute content, it is now the time to exploring an example with a poem. Yes, you read it right â€" a poem.Here again, you are free to use your creativity and writing talent.Dear Sender,Roses are red, Violets are blue, I am out of office,Whom should you write to? Here are the contacts of my trusted persona: (contact details)Sincerely, XXXNot that difficult, right? In a very short email here, you showed your awesomeness and at the same time, you gave the needed information to the sender. You should aim to be short and informative here. Here I also believe that you could write a better poem than I did, so work your writing magic.Mix it allIn this article, I have managed to come up with several ideas on how to write both creative and formal out-of-office auto-reply emails â€" you are free to use any of those. In addition, you can use a mix of the above emails; just create a perfect one for you.You may like the combination of a lead generator and add a funny story to it. You can also add images of cute puppies or kittens then write a poem and set it as your auto-responding email.Depending on your company correspondence guidelines, you might be free to use your imagination, and express your own personality in the auto-reply emails your associates will get while you are away from work. Everyone has certain unique characteristics and there is no such thing as ‘one-size-fits-all’ when it comes to writing out-of-office auto-reply emails.CONCLUSIONIn the digitalized world of ours, even one missed call or message may have drastic consequences for you, your career and your employer. Communicating your problems, absences and other important issues are vital to position you for success at your workplace. Quick responsiveness is a quality that people working with you will always appreciate.Auto-responding emails are really a lifesaver nowadays and we should thank the people who created them. They are an easy way to notify people who get in touch with you about your absence from work, while your professional image in the eyes of your colleagues and partners will stay intact.

Types Of A Medical Review Officer ( Mro ) Testing Programs...

Private employers are not required to follow the SAMHSA guidelines but by doing so they can have better leg to stand on when it comes to the legal field. Many court decisions have been ruled in favor of these guidelines. These guidelines include having a Medical Review Officer (MRO) evaluate all tests. The guidelines also identify the five specific substances for use in the Federal drug testing programs and require a drug lab certified by SAMHSA to perform the analytical test. The five substances under the SAMHSA’s guidelines are amphetamines, THC, cocaine, opiates, and phencyclidine. Amphetamines include meth, speed, crank, ecstasy, and stimulant based ADD/ADHD medications. THC includes cannabinoids, marijuana, and hash. Cocaine includes†¦show more content†¦Hallucinogens include LSD, mushrooms, mescaline and peyote. Inhalants include paint, glue, and hairspray. Anabolic steroids include synthesized and muscle building hormones. Hydrocodone includes prescription medi cation such as Lortab, Vicodin, and Oxycodone. MDMA is known as Ecstasy and Molly (Drug Free Workplace Advisor). Drugs have specific windows of detection in the body. This detection window is defined as the amount of time after ingestion that the evidence of the drug and metabolites will remain in a sample. Employers do not have the responsibility to post or publicize drug detection windows. It is important that when teaching employees about substance abuse that they are taught that drugs do have detection windows and may remain in your body for days after use. Alcohol has a detection window of 1.5 hours for 1 ounce of alcohol. Amphetamines last in the body for 48 hours. Barbiturates have a detection window of 2 to 10 days. Benzodiazepines last in the employees system for 2 to 3 weeks. Cocaine lasts in the body from 2 to 10 days. The metabolite for heroin lasts in the body for only 1 day. Morphine can only be detected in the body for 2 to 3 days. LSD has a short window of only 8 hours. Marijuana depends on the use of the drug abuser. A casual user only shows the THC metabolite for 3 to 4 days. Chronic users can have THC metabolites in their body for multiple

The Immigration Of Canada And The Assurance Of Equality...

Canada is referred to as a ‘land of immigrants’ since a large number of newcomers have settled here and helped to enhance and preserve its ethnicity and diversity. Every country has its own norms and principles in accommodating new immigrants and assisting them to settle down. However, not all the immigrants are fortunate enough to sustain the uncertain circumstances that they had foreseen before migrating to a new country. While in the process of adjusting to a new society, these settlers are often reminded of the fact that they are not in their own country. Such circumstances put them in a tight spot of returning back to their homeland. Thus, taking instances from the writings of Mehri Yalfani, Isabel Vincent and Himani Benerji, the facts that new immigrants have to come across various complications throughout their journey of settlement to a new country, are being raised in the subsequent part of this journal. Moreover, the issues related to racism in Canada and the assurance of equality and freedom from racial discrimination to the Canadians are also reflected below. First and foremost, new immigrants encounter copious issues to fit in the new society. The major concern among these problems is the language barrier. The excerpt from ‘Newcomer’ written by Mehri Yalfani s highlights the challenges that Susan, an immigrant from Iran, faced throughout her course of understanding and speaking English. According to the story, both the hesitation to be fluent in an alienShow MoreRelatedOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pageslittle significance. 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A Pearson Education Company Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 Compilation Copyright  © 2003 by Pearson Custom Publishing All rights reserved. This copyright covers material written expressly for this volume by the editor/s as well as the compilation itself. It does not cover the individual selections herein thatRead MoreMarketing Management130471 Words   |  522 PagesExercises 7. References 1. INTRODUCTION: The apex body in United States of America for the Marketing functions, American Marketing Association (AMA) defines marketing as â€Å"Marketing consists of those activities involved in the flow of goods and services from the point of production to the point of consumption. The AMA has since amended its definition to read as: â€Å"Marketing is an organizational function and a set of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing

The Theme In Literature In Night By Elie Wiesel - 736 Words

The theme in literature is the lesson you learn from what you have read. You learn a lesson from everything you experience in life and everything that you read has a purpose to teach you something. Sometimes the lesson comes from what other people have experienced, such as in the book Night by Elie Wiesel. Other times the theme comes from what other people have learned, heard, or even read about, such as in the book The Help by Kathryn Stockett. Not only do you see themes in books but also in newspaper articles, magazines, etc. A good example would be The Face of Modern Slavery by Nicholas D. Kristof, writer for the New York Times. No matter where the theme is, if it is in multiple pieces it holds great value. I believe that these pieces†¦show more content†¦Mrs. Skeeter, a young white lady, decides to write a book about the Help’s life and their stories about taking care of the families but were still treated very poorly. There are many reasons they had to keep quiet about their stories such as Did you hear about the colored boy this morning? One they beat with a tire iron for accidentally using the white bathroom? ... And my cousin Shinelle in Cauter County? They burn up her car cause she went down to the voting station. (Kathryn Stockett Page 102-103). Even with these scary stories trying to stop them, they never quit and kept writing the book, which resulted a great deal of respect from fellow African Americans. Another example of similar themes would be a Newspaper article from the New York Times. The Face of Modern Slavery by Nicholas D. Kristof is an example of this reoccurring theme. This article talks about a young girl named Srey Pov, who was sold into a Cambodian brothel when she around 6 years old. She recalls her life in the brothel, being raped at age 6, and continuing on till she was age 9. About 20 men raped her nightly, and she was put through living hell if she did not obey. 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Maus by Art Spiegelman and Night by Elie Wiesel are two highly praised Holocaust books that illustrate the horrors of the Holocaust. Night is a traditional narrative that mainly focuses on Elie’s experiences throughout the holocaust

Vrooms Model Of Expectancy Theory - Solution is Just a Click Away

Question: 1.Describe Vrooms Model of Expectancy Theory. 2.Describe how the model measures motivation. 3.Explain how the measure of valence can aid staffing issues in an organization. Answer: Introduction: In present times, the employees in the arrays of workplace get to face several kinds of moral and ethical stress and problems. These often effects in their ability of decision-making and job performance Work pressure leading to low self-confidence, the ethical dilemma in a different business culture, inability to reach the desired target, low Extraversion on the part of the employees, inability to be adjusted with the work atmosphere (Yeheyis etal., (2016), the problems can be of any kind. However, on the part of the employers the ethical and sustainability issues of the employees get little importance. As a result, the employees may face a low moral adjustability that may hurt the companys profitability in the long-term. The expectancy theory of Victor Vroom ensures a corporate culture that rewards and encourages ethical behavior (nationalforum.com, 2016). The theory helps to increase the orientation of the employees with the organization. Vrooms Model of Expectancy: The expectancy theory of Victor Vroom assumes that the behavior of the employee results from serious and conscious choices from alternatives provided by the company, which will maximize pleasure and minimize pain. The Expectancy Theory ensures motivation for the employees if they believe in the relation between their working harder leading to better performances. The theory ensures successful result even if the goals are different for each employee. The betterment in performances will bring in desired reward. However, the reward encourages further hard work to satisfy further needs (Yeheyis etal., 2016). The theory in the long run confirms a profitable and strong employee base for the company. The followings are the key concepts through which the theory works on the employees: Expectancy: Expectancy is the belief of the employees that increased labor will lead to a betterment of the performance leading them to reach the desired goal. Different employees can have different expectancies and levels of confidence regarding their abilities. Expectancy ensures employees to believe in their abilities to achieve the goal, controlling as they have perceived leading to a successful performance in their job role. Expectancy results in the Instrumentality and Valence of the employee. Instrumentality: Instrumentality ensures the belief of a value outcome as a result of hard work. Instrumentality can result in great profitability for the company. Instrumentality implements this belief in an employee that, If I do a good job, there is something in it for me. (Renko etal., 2012). The degree to which an employee achieves a value result will result in further labor and hard work in achieving a more valued outcome. In the long run the hard work of an employee, targeting the outcome leads to the profitability of the company. Valence: Valence deals with the importance that an employee gives to the rewards o the expected outcome. This importance comprises of things such as their basic needs, motivation, goals preferences to mention a few. Valence is characterized by the degree to which an employee values his outcome, and this acts as a driving force in their performance (Hsu etal., 2014). However, valence does not ensure satisfaction but an intense force in reaching the satisfaction. However, in order to ensure the continuation of the motivation and the profitability the company must ensure the employee never reach a point of satisfaction regarding the results. Satisfaction might result in decreasing the valence leading to stagnation in productivity. Measure of Valence aiding staffing issues: Valence acts as a driving force to ensure a continuous productivity and profitability from the employee and in the long run for the company. The valence of an employee is led by several emotional and personal components like the personal needs, preferences, target or goal and an expected value for the outcome of the work of the employee. For example it is the personal need or the expected target or promotion of an employee that acts as a valence leading to a greater productivity in their job role. However, since Expectancy theory is applied for the motivation of the employees in order to ensure the profitability of the company. thus it is important or the company to ensure that the valence must continue among the employees and the needs and expectation must be renewed. For Valence, an employee gives to the job every possible effort to reach the satisfaction. The satisfaction must not be reached for that will decrease the valence and stagnation in the profitability of the employees an d the company (Hsu etal., 2014). Conclusion: It is important for a corporation to retain the force of work among the employees. However, the cross cultural atmosphere, different ethical standpoints acts as a hindrance towards the expected profitability. Herein is the importance of the theory of expectancy, and to be precise the importance of Valence that provides a motivation in the employees driving them towards their targeted achievement. Which however, ensure the profitability of the company. Reference: Estes, B., Polnick, B. (2012). Examining motivation theory in higher education: An expectancy theory analysis of tenured faculty productivity.International Journal of Management, Business, and Administration,15(1), 1-7. Hsu, D. K., Shinnar, R. S., Powell, B. C. (2014). Expectancy Theory and Entrepreneurial Motivation: A Longitudinal Examination of the Role of Entrepreneurship https://www.nationalforum.com/Electronic%20Journal%20Volumes/Luneneburg,%20Fred%20C%20Expectancy%20Theory%20%20Altering%20Expectations%20IJMBA%20V15%20N1%202011.pdf [Accessed 12 Sep. 2016]. Renko, M., Kroeck, K. G., Bullough, A. (2012). Expectancy theory and nascent entrepreneurship.Small Business Economics,39(3), 667-684. Shields, J., Brown, M., Kaine, S., Dolle-Samuel, C., North-Samardzic, A., McLean, P., ... Plimmer, G. (2015).Managing Employee Performance Reward: Concepts, Practices, Strategies. Cambridge University Press. Yeheyis, M., Reza, B., Hewage, K., Ruwanpura, J. Y., Sadiq, R. (2016). Evaluating motivation of construction workers: a comparison of fuzzy rule-based model with the traditional expectancy theory.Journal of Civil Engineering and Management,22(7), 862-873.